‘Tripledemic’ makes flu season complex

As we head into fall and winter and more activities move indoors, it's time to think about protecting yourself from the upcoming viral respiratory season. Traditionally, that has meant getting a flu shot against the influenza virus. Given last season's "tripledemic" – with many cases of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) and COVID-19 in addition to the flu – consider speaking to your doctor about getting vaccinated against those diseases as well. Vaccinations help reduce illnesses, visits to the doctor, missed work and school due to sickness, and they help prevent virus-related hospitalizations and deaths.

Who should get the flu shot?

Almost anyone 6 months and older should get an annual flu vaccination, which is generally well tolerated. People typically experience no more than mild soreness at the injection site on their arm. The elderly, very young children, immune-compromised individuals and members of some racial and ethnic minority groups are more prone to severe disease and are therefore priority groups for the vaccine. For those 65 years and older, a high-dose flu vaccine or an adjuvanted flu vaccine are recommended. Both produce a stronger immune response and provide more protection.

Patients who experienced severe allergic reactions to a flu vaccine or Guillain-Barré Syndrome within six weeks of a previous flu shot may be rare exceptions to these recommendations. If you have had an allergic reaction to the flu shot in the past, consult an allergist to help decide if you can get a flu shot now.

When should I get the flu shot?

A good time to get the flu shot is around mid-September through late October. You don't want to get vaccinated too early, or you will be less protected later in the season as the vaccine's effectiveness in your body wanes, but you also want to get the shot before case numbers start going up in your community.

Where can I get a flu vaccine?

To get a flu shot, call your primary care provider, 2-1-1, or check with your pharmacy. You can also use the Vaccine Finder at vaccinefinder.org to find a nearby location. Most health insurance plans, including Medicare and Medicaid, cover the cost of an annual flu vaccination. Children may qualify for a free vaccine through the federal Vaccines for Children program. For details, call 211 to speak with a Health Insurance Navigator.

How can I protect myself and others from the flu?

Getting the flu shot is your first line of defense. In your everyday life, wash your hands regularly with soap and water (or use hand sanitizer if those are not available) to reduce the spread of germs and avoid sick people. If you have symptoms yourself, stay home from work, school, or social gatherings, and wear a mask when you are among people.

How is the flu treated?

Most cases of the flu can be treated at home. Get plenty of rest and stay well hydrated. You can take over-the-counter medications to treat muscle aches and respiratory symptoms. Antivirals are a treatment option and most effective when given early in the course of the disease. Consult your doctor promptly if you are at high risk of flu complications or are experiencing more serious symptoms such as severe shortness of breath or persistent fever.

What are other recommendations for this coming season?

Look to your local health department for ongoing guidance on current disease levels and suggested actions, such as vaccinations and masking. As we adapt to new evidence and data, recommendations may change. Discuss your personal situation with your healthcare provider, who can provide guidance on whether and when additional RSV and Covid-19 vaccines are appropriate for you.

Inevitably, some of us will get sick but use vaccines and your best judgment to help keep yourself and others safe.

Dr. Eli Finkelsztein is board-certified in internal medicine and infectious diseases. He is on the medical staff of Cayuga Medical Center and can be reached at the Cayuga Center for Infectious Diseases at (607) 241-1118.